Important Events in Islam 545-632

It did not take just one event to lead to the importance on Islam and the success of Muhammed.

In 570 Muhammad was born in Mecca

During 590 - 604 Pope Gregory the Great begins his liturgical reforms and changes in church administration.

594-615 Muhammed began to become known and began to live his life fully. Muhammad became the manager of the business of Lady Khadija. He married his wife Hadrat Khadija. In the year of 610, Muhammed had a religious experience on Mount Hira that changed his life. he then invited the Hashimites to adopt Islam.

In 615 the persecution of Muslims by the Quaraish in Mecca intensified and a group of Muslims leave for Abyssinia.

In 621 Abu Jahl became leader of a mounting opposition to Muslims in Mecca and organized a boycott of merchants in Mohammad's clan, the Hashim.

In 622 About 75 converts from Medina took the two Pledges of al-Aqaba, professing to Islam and to protect Muhammad from all danger.

During 622 Muhammad and his small band of followers migrate to the town of Yathrib in the north. The leaders of that town invited him to come and lead them and were willing to adopt Islam. The Hijrah of 622, the migration, marked the beginning of the Muslim era and the Islamic calendar.

In 624 Buddhism became the established religion of Japan. Also during this time Muhammad broke with his Jewish supporters because they refused to recognize him as a prophet and adopt Islam. He chose now to emphasize the Arabness of the new religion and has his followers face Mecca when praying instead of Jerusalem.

In the end, all the Jews were either banished or executed.
March 15, 624 At the Battle of Abdr, Muhammad and his followers defeated an army from Mecca.Where Muhammad's chief rival in Mecca, Abu Jahl, was executed.

In 627 Meccan leader Abu Sufyanlaid siege to Muhammad's forces in Medina during the battle of the Trench. Even with 10,000 men he was unsuccessful for the 15 days he was there.

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Muhammad led about 1,600 men on a pilgrimage to Mecca in 628, where their passage was blocked by citizens of Mecca. Fortunately they agreed to negotiate with Muhammad and then later agreed to the Pact of Hudaibiya, ending hostilities and allowing for Muslim pilgrimages.

After which a group of Muslims were attacked, Muhammad dissolved the Pact of Hudaibiya and prepared to attack Mecca in 629.

An army of 30,000 Muslims marched on Mecca which surrendered with little resistance. Muhammad took control of the city and made it the spiritual center of Islam in 630.

Muhammad died in 632, His father-in-law, Abu-Bakr, and Umar devised a system to allow Islam to sustain religious and political stability. Accepting the name of caliph, Abu-Bakr begins a military exhibition to enforce the caliph's authority over Arabian followers of Muhammad.

All of this took place leaving Abu-Bakr, Who soon after Muhammed died moved northward, defeating Byzantine and Persian forces. Abu-Bakr died two years later and Umar succeeded him as the second caliph, launching a new campaign against the neighboring empires.


Sources:
http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/timeline.htm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/teach/muslims/timeline.html
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/timeline/Islam